Medical Emergencies · single question
After removing the rubber dam, the patient develops lip swelling. What is this most likely?
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Angioedema
Angioedema (A). Angioedema (particularly latex-related or drug-related) presents as rapid, non-pitting swelling of the lips, tongue, and/or face. The rubber dam (especially latex rubber dams) is a common trigger:
• Latex allergy can cause localized angioedema at contact sites (lips) or systemic anaphylaxis.
• Type I hypersensitivity (IgE-mediated) → immediate reaction within minutes of latex exposure → angioedema/urticaria/anaphylaxis.
• Contact Dermatitis (B): Type IV (delayed) hypersensitivity — takes 24-72 hours to develop, presents as eczema/rash, NOT immediate swelling.
• Management: mild angioedema → antihistamine + observe; severe/airway involvement → epinephrine 1:1,000 IM.
• Use latex-free materials for all known or suspected latex-sensitive patients.
• Latex allergy can cause localized angioedema at contact sites (lips) or systemic anaphylaxis.
• Type I hypersensitivity (IgE-mediated) → immediate reaction within minutes of latex exposure → angioedema/urticaria/anaphylaxis.
• Contact Dermatitis (B): Type IV (delayed) hypersensitivity — takes 24-72 hours to develop, presents as eczema/rash, NOT immediate swelling.
• Management: mild angioedema → antihistamine + observe; severe/airway involvement → epinephrine 1:1,000 IM.
• Use latex-free materials for all known or suspected latex-sensitive patients.
Practice Medical Emergencies questions Medical Emergencies study notes