Which cell type is primarily responsible for root resorption in dental pathology?

Root resorption of permanent teeth is carried out by odontoclasts — multinucleated giant cells that are morphologically and functionally similar to osteoclasts but specifically resorb mineralized dental tissues (cementum and dentin) rather than bone. Odontoclasts are derived from monocyte precursors and contain the same lysosomal enzymes (cathepsin K, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) as osteoclasts. Osteoclasts resorb bone. Odontoblasts form dentin (they are formative, not resorptive cells). Root resorption can be internal (within the root canal) or external (at the root surface), and odontoclasts drive both types.