Pathology · single question

An 8-year-old female presents with bilateral enlarged cheeks; a panoramic radiograph reveals bilateral radiolucencies in the body of the mandible. What is the most likely diagnosis?

  1. Cherubism
  2. Langerhans cell histiocytosis
  3. Paget's disease
  4. Osteosarcoma
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Cherubism

Cherubism, an autosomal dominant fibro-osseous condition (SH3BP2 gene mutation), classically presents in children with bilateral, symmetric cheek/jaw enlargement and bilateral multilocular radiolucencies of the mandible (often described as a 'soap bubble' or 'cherub-like' facial appearance), frequently stabilizing or regressing after puberty.

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