A child presents with multiple painful vesicles and ulcerations on the gingiva, lips, and tongue, along with fever and cervical lymphadenopathy. Which of the following conditions does NOT cause gingival enlargement, distinguishing it from the other options?

Herpes gingivostomatitis causes painful, inflamed oral tissues with vesicles and ulcerations, but it does not cause gingival enlargement or overgrowth. Vitamin C deficiency (scurvy) causes swollen, hemorrhagic gingiva due to impaired collagen synthesis. Sarcoidosis can cause gingival enlargement due to granulomatous infiltration. Drug-induced gingival hyperplasia (e.g., from phenytoin, cyclosporine, or calcium channel blockers) directly causes fibrous overgrowth of gingival tissue. Therefore, herpes gingivostomatitis is the condition that does not cause gingival enlargement.