Which of the following is NOT a component of periodontal initial (non-surgical/cause-related) therapy?

Correct answer: C. Periodontal surgery

• A. Scaling and root planing (SRP) IS a core component of periodontal initial therapy — the primary mechanical debridement procedure.
• B. Antimicrobial therapy (local or systemic antibiotics, antiseptics) CAN be part of initial therapy as an adjunct.
• C. Periodontal SURGERY (osseous surgery, regenerative procedures, flap surgery) is performed AFTER initial therapy — it is part of corrective/surgical phase, NOT initial therapy. Periodontal surgery is only considered when initial therapy has not achieved adequate results.
• D. Dietary analysis and modification (reducing fermentable carbohydrates, improving nutrition) IS part of comprehensive periodontal initial/cause-related therapy.