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Periodontics · single question

Which factor primarily determines the GRADE of periodontal disease per the 2017 AAP/EFP classification?

  1. Bone loss to age ratio
  2. Clinical attachment loss
  3. Bleeding on probing
  4. Probing depth
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Correct answer: A. Bone loss to age ratio

  • A. Periodontal GRADE reflects the rate of disease progression. The primary determinant is radiographic bone loss divided by patient age (bone loss/age ratio). Grade A: <0.25; Grade B: 0.25–1.0; Grade C: >1.0. Smoking and HbA1c serve as grade modifiers.
  • B. CAL determines the STAGE of periodontitis, not the grade.
  • C. Bleeding on probing indicates inflammation and contributes to staging, but is not the primary grade determinant.
  • D. Probing depth contributes to staging complexity but does not determine grade.

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