What is the most appropriate treatment for incipient (initial/early) enamel caries that has not yet cavitated?

Incipient caries refers to early demineralization of enamel (white spot lesion) that has not yet cavitated. Because the enamel surface is still intact, these lesions can remineralize with fluoride therapy, dietary modification, and improved oral hygiene. Fluoride enhances remineralization by promoting deposition of fluorapatite (which is more acid-resistant than hydroxyapatite) and by inhibiting bacterial metabolism. No cavity preparation is needed for incipient lesions. Sealants are used prophylactically on susceptible pits and fissures but are not the primary treatment for an already-present incipient lesion. SDF is used for arresting caries in high-risk patients or cavitated lesions, particularly in children.