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Pharmacology · single question

What is the mechanism of action of hydrochlorothiazide?

  1. Inhibits carbonic anhydrase in the proximal tubule
  2. Blocks aldosterone receptors in the collecting duct
  3. Inhibits the Na+/Cl- cotransporter in the distal convoluted tubule
  4. Inhibits the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter in the loop of Henle
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Correct answer: C. Inhibits the Na+/Cl- cotransporter in the distal convoluted tubule

  • A. That describes acetazolamide.
  • B. That describes spironolactone, the potassium-sparing diuretic.
  • C. Correct. Thiazides act on the distal convoluted tubule. Dental relevance: they cause xerostomia and orthostatic hypotension, and they can produce hypokalemia and photosensitivity.
  • D. That describes loop diuretics such as furosemide.

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