Pharmacology · single question
What is the main pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Weakness of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
The primary cause of GERD is a weak or dysfunctional LES, which allows gastric acid to flow back into the esophagus. This reflux leads to symptoms like heartburn and regurgitation. While factors such as increased acid production and delayed gastric emptying may exacerbate symptoms, they are secondary to LES dysfunction.