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Biostatistics & Research · single question

What does 'prevalence' measure in epidemiology?

  1. The proportion of a population that has a given condition at a specific point in time
  2. Only newly diagnosed cases within a time period
  3. The probability that results occurred by chance
  4. The ability of a test to correctly identify those without disease
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Correct answer: A. The proportion of a population that has a given condition at a specific point in time

Prevalence is the proportion of a population found to have a condition at a specific point in time (point prevalence) or over a defined period (period prevalence) — it includes both new AND pre-existing cases, distinguishing it from incidence, which counts only NEW cases arising during a time period.

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