In which dental/skeletal condition is reverse-pull (protraction) headgear typically used?

Reverse-pull (protraction) headgear, also called a facemask, is used to treat skeletal Class III malocclusions caused by maxillary deficiency (hypoplastic maxilla). It applies forward and downward traction to the maxilla through hooks on a palatal expander or splint, while anchoring against the forehead and chin. This promotes forward growth of the maxilla to correct the Class III relationship. It is most effective in growing patients (ages 6–10). Class II headgear (cervical or occipital pull) restrains maxillary forward growth and addresses Class II malocclusions. Reverse headgear is specifically for maxillary retrusion/Class III.