In a research study evaluating impression accuracy using conventional vs. digital techniques, varying finish line type, finish line location, and preparation depth — what is the DEPENDENT variable?

Correct answer: B. Impression accuracy (the measured outcome)

• A. Finishing line location is an INDEPENDENT variable — controlled by the researcher.
• B. Correct. The DEPENDENT variable is the OUTCOME being measured — what changes in response to the independent variables. In this study, impression accuracy is what is being evaluated/measured. It DEPENDS on the manipulation of finish line type, location, and depth.
• C. Preparation depth is an INDEPENDENT variable — varied by the researcher to see its effect on impression accuracy.
• D. Type of finishing line is an INDEPENDENT variable — it is being manipulated/changed by the researcher.