Pathology · single question

Gingival enlargement is seen in all of the following EXCEPT:

  1. Herpetic gingivostomatitis
  2. Scurvy (Vitamin C deficiency)
  3. Sarcoidosis
  4. Phenytoin (Dilantin) use
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Correct answer: A. Herpetic gingivostomatitis

Gingival enlargement (overgrowth) is associated with: phenytoin (drug-induced gingival hyperplasia), calcium channel blockers (nifedipine), cyclosporine, scurvy (Vitamin C deficiency causes abnormal collagen formation and gingival swelling), sarcoidosis (granulomatous disease can cause gingival swelling), leukemia, Crohn's disease, and pregnancy. Herpetic gingivostomatitis (primary HSV-1 infection) causes painful vesicles and ulcers on the gingiva and oral mucosa, but the primary finding is ulceration and necrosis — not gingival enlargement (overgrowth/hyperplasia). Therefore, gingivostomatitis is the EXCEPTION.

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