A researcher is evaluating impression accuracy when using conventional versus digital impressions. Accuracy is assessed according to the type of finish line, location of the finish line, and preparation depth. What is the dependent variable in this study?

In a research study, the dependent variable is the outcome being measured — the variable that is expected to change in response to the independent variables. Here, impression accuracy is what is being measured and compared. The independent variables are the factors being manipulated or categorized: type of finish line, location of the finish line, and preparation depth. The impression technique (conventional vs. digital) is also an independent variable. Impression accuracy changes as a result of the other variables, making it the dependent variable.