Medical Emergencies · single question

A patient with a history of scarlet fever presents for dental examination. Which of the following is NOT an expected finding associated with scarlet fever?

  1. Pharyngeal erythema and tonsillar exudate
  2. White coating followed by strawberry tongue (prominent red papillae)
  3. Spontaneous gingival bleeding
  4. Fever and sandpaper-like cutaneous rash
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. Spontaneous gingival bleeding

Scarlet fever, caused by Group A Streptococcus (S. pyogenes) exotoxin-producing strains, presents with a characteristic syndrome: high fever, pharyngitis, palatine petechiae, 'strawberry tongue' (initially white-coated with swollen red papillae, then bright red), and a diffuse erythematous sandpaper-like skin rash beginning on the trunk. The oral mucosa appears bright red ('scarlet'), hence the disease name. Spontaneous gingival bleeding is NOT a feature — gingival bleeding is associated with vitamin C deficiency (scurvy), coagulation disorders, or severe periodontitis. Petechiae on the soft palate are present, but overt gingival hemorrhage does not occur.

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