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Micro & Immunology · single question

A 10-year-old child received local anesthesia and developed diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and rash immediately after. What is the diagnosis?

  1. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction
  2. Type I hypersensitivity reaction
  3. Type III hypersensitivity reaction
  4. Type II hypersensitivity reaction
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Correct answer: B. Type I hypersensitivity reaction

  • A. ❌ Type IV (delayed/cell-mediated) takes 48–72 hours, not immediate onset.
  • B. ✅ Correct. Immediate-onset systemic symptoms (GI upset + rash) after allergen exposure indicate IgE-mediated Type I hypersensitivity (anaphylactic/allergic reaction).
  • C. ❌ Type III (immune complex) causes serum sickness typically 7–14 days after exposure, not immediate.
  • D. ❌ Type II (cytotoxic) involves antibody-mediated cell destruction (hemolytic anemia) — not this acute multi-system presentation.

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