Anatomy & Histology · single question

Which of the following correctly defines the biological width?

  1. Junctional epithelium + supracrestal connective tissue attachment
  2. Junctional epithelium + sulcus depth
  3. Keratinized gingival tissue only
  4. PDL fibers in the cervical area
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Correct answer: A. Junctional epithelium + supracrestal connective tissue attachment

Biological width (now called supracrestal tissue attachment) refers to the combined dimension of the junctional epithelium and the supracrestal connective tissue attachment. Based on the classic Gargiulo (1961) study, the average biologic width is 2.04 mm: the junctional epithelium averages 0.97 mm and the connective tissue attachment averages 1.07 mm. The sulcular depth (approximately 0.69 mm) is NOT included in the biologic width. Restorations that violate this space cause chronic inflammation and bone loss.

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