Periodontics · single question
Which interleukin is MOST directly involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease?
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. IL-1β (pro-inflammatory, bone resorption promoter)
IL-1β (Interleukin-1 beta) is the key cytokine in periodontal disease progression. It is produced by macrophages, monocytes, and other cells in response to periodontal pathogens and stimulates: osteoclast activity (bone resorption), PGE2 production, MMP release, and neutrophil recruitment. IL-1β along with TNF-α and PGE2 are the primary mediators of alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis. IL-10 is anti-inflammatory.