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Pathology · single question

Which finding is most characteristic of fetal alcohol syndrome?

  1. Midface anomalies (e.g., smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, short palpebral fissures, midface hypoplasia)
  2. Macroglossia as the defining feature
  3. Bilateral preauricular skin tags as the defining feature
  4. Hypertrophic gingiva as the defining feature
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Correct answer: A. Midface anomalies (e.g., smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, short palpebral fissures, midface hypoplasia)

Fetal alcohol syndrome's classic facial features form a recognizable midface-centered pattern: short palpebral fissures, a smooth (poorly defined) philtrum, a thin upper lip, and overall midface hypoplasia, often accompanied by growth deficiency and neurodevelopmental impairment.

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