Pathology · single question

Which clinical feature is characteristic of Addison disease (primary adrenal insufficiency)?

  1. Diffuse mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation
  2. Generalized hypopigmentation
  3. Gingival overgrowth
  4. Macroglossia
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Diffuse mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation

In Addison disease, low cortisol increases ACTH/MSH, producing diffuse bronze hyperpigmentation of skin and oral mucosa, along with fatigue, hypotension, and salt craving.Other options: Hypopigmentation, gingival overgrowth, and macroglossia are not features of Addison disease.Key exam takeaway: Addison disease = hyperpigmentation (skin and oral mucosa) from elevated ACTH/MSH.

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