What is the treatment for Addison's disease (primary adrenocortical insufficiency)?

Correct answer: D. Corticosteroid replacement (hydrocortisone or equivalent)

• A. Thyroid hormone replacement is for hypothyroidism — not Addison's disease.
• B. Insulin is for diabetes mellitus — not adrenal insufficiency.
• C. Growth hormone therapy is for growth hormone deficiency — not Addison's disease.
• D. Correct. Addison's disease is caused by destruction of the adrenal cortex, leading to deficiency of cortisol and aldosterone. Treatment requires lifelong corticosteroid replacement — typically hydrocortisone (cortisol) for glucocorticoid replacement and fludrocortisone for mineralocorticoid replacement. During dental stress, a steroid stress dose may be needed.