What is the therapeutic INR range for a patient on warfarin anticoagulation therapy for most indications?

The standard therapeutic INR range for most patients on warfarin (e.g., for atrial fibrillation, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or mechanical heart valves in some cases) is 2.0–3.0. An INR in this range balances the risk of thromboembolism against bleeding risk. For dental procedures, studies show that routine extractions can be safely performed without altering warfarin when the INR is below 3.5. An INR below 2.0 is subtherapeutic and increases clotting risk. An INR above 4.0 significantly increases bleeding risk.