The 'distal shoe' and the 'band and loop' space maintainers are classified as which type of appliance?

Correct answer: B. Fixed and unilateral

• A. Neither appliance is removable — both are cemented in place.
• B. Correct. Both are cemented (FIXED) to a single abutment tooth and hold space in ONE quadrant only (UNILATERAL). The distal shoe guides an unerupted permanent first molar after early loss of the primary second molar; the band and loop holds space when the adjacent permanent tooth has already erupted.
• C. Bilateral fixed maintainers are the lingual holding arch, Nance appliance, and transpalatal arch — not these two.
• D. Neither appliance is removable.