Deficiency of which hormone is most associated with delayed tooth eruption?

Thyroid hormones, particularly thyroxine (T4), are essential for normal tooth eruption and dental development. Hypothyroidism (deficiency of thyroid hormones) causes delayed eruption of both the primary and permanent dentitions, along with enamel hypoplasia and macroglossia. This is a well-established oral manifestation of congenital and acquired hypothyroidism. While PTH/PTHrP plays a role in the eruption pathway by stimulating osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, the clinically recognized hormonal deficiency causing delayed eruption in the INBDE context is thyroid hormone deficiency.