Periodontics · single question
Bacteria in peri-implantitis are predominantly:
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Gram-negative anaerobes (Porphyromonas, Treponema, Tannerella)
Peri-implantitis has a microbiological profile similar to aggressive periodontitis — dominated by gram-negative anaerobes: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia (the "red complex"), Prevotella intermedia, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. This is why periodontal pathogens predict peri-implantitis risk.
- A. ❌ Gram-positive aerobes are associated with supragingival plaque and initial colonization — not peri-implantitis.
- B. ✅ Gram-negative anaerobes — the predominant peri-implantitis pathogens, mirroring aggressive periodontitis flora.
- C. ❌ Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonizes dental unit waterlines — not specifically peri-implantitis.
- D. ❌ Lactobacillus species are associated with caries — not implant disease.