Restorative & Materials · patient case question
All of the following would help retain a cusp-replacing restoration on this tooth EXCEPT:
Patient case: A Premolar Missing Its Lingual Cusp
Patient: 51-year-old male
Chief Complaint: “Half the tooth broke off while I was eating.”
Background: Heavy clencher. Multiple worn restorations. Root canal treatment on this tooth was completed last week.
Medications: None
Vital Signs: BP 126/80 mmHg · HR 72 bpm · RR 16 · T 98.4°F
Findings: Maxillary right first premolar with a fractured and missing LINGUAL cusp. Remaining buccal wall is sound but thin. Access cavity present and root filled. Wear facets are present on the lingual inclines of the maxillary buccal cusps on the right side.
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Adhesion to the remaining enamel
- A. A dentine PIN is the classic auxiliary retention feature for a cusp-replacing amalgam. It has real disadvantages (crazing, perforation, pulpal irritation) but it is undeniably retentive.
- B. CORRECT — this is the EXCEPTION as the item was written, and the reason is the material. Enamel ADHESION is a bonded (micromechanical) retention mechanism. It is genuine retention for a composite or a bonded ceramic, but it provides NO retention for the amalgam or cast restoration the classical cusp-replacement question refers to, and the remaining enamel here is thin, unsupported and at the margin — the least reliable bonding substrate available.
- C. A SLOT — a horizontal channel cut into sound dentine — is a recognised auxiliary retention feature and is generally preferred over pins because it does not stress the dentine.
- D. Because the tooth is ROOT TREATED, a POST becomes available as a retention option for the core. It reinforces nothing, but it does retain.
Note: ⚑ FLAG FOR THE GROUP. The recall recorded three options (enamel adhesion, slot, pin) with a post added as a fourth, and noted that this scenario follows the root canal treatment. If the intended restoration were a bonded composite, enamel adhesion would be legitimate and the answer would change. Discuss — but the principle to carry into the exam is that pins, slots, grooves and posts are MECHANICAL retention while adhesion is not, and for a root-treated posterior tooth that has lost a cusp the definitive answer is cuspal coverage, not patchwork retention.
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