Medical Emergencies · single question
All of the following occur in type 2 diabetes mellitus EXCEPT:
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Correct answer: A. Complete autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells
- A. Correct — this is the EXCEPTION. Complete autoimmune destruction of beta cells (anti-GAD, anti-islet antibodies) defines TYPE 1 diabetes, which produces absolute insulin deficiency and lifelong exogenous insulin dependence. In type 2 the beta cells persist and continue to secrete insulin, though secretory capacity declines progressively over time.
- B. This DOES occur. Peripheral insulin resistance in muscle, liver and adipose tissue is the central defect in type 2 diabetes.
- C. This DOES occur. Type 2 involves a RELATIVE deficiency — insulin output is inadequate for the degree of resistance, not absent.
- D. This DOES occur. Hyperglycemia impairs neutrophil chemotaxis, collagen synthesis and microvascular perfusion, delaying healing in both types.
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