Periodontics · single question
All of the following bacteria are found in early gingivitis EXCEPT:
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. Enterococcus faecalis
Enterococcus faecalis is NOT a classic periodontal pathogen. It is associated with failed root canal treatments and endodontic infections — it is isolated from root canals, not from early gingivitis. Early gingivitis involves gram-positive facultative organisms initially, with a shift toward gram-negative anaerobes as disease progresses. Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium, and Prevotella are periodontal pathogens. Enterococcus faecalis is the exception.