Medical Emergencies · single question
A patient's medical history lists losartan and metformin. Which combination of medical conditions does this patient MOST LIKELY have?
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Correct answer: C. Hypertension + Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- A. COPD uses bronchodilators (albuterol, tiotropium) and osteoporosis uses bisphosphonates or denosumab — neither losartan nor metformin.
- B. Heart failure uses ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta-blockers, and diuretics. Type 1 diabetes requires INSULIN, not metformin. Metformin is specifically for Type 2 diabetes.
- C. CORRECT. Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used for HYPERTENSION (and diabetic nephropathy). Metformin is a biguanide used as first-line oral medication for TYPE 2 DIABETES. Together, these two medications indicate the patient has both hypertension AND type 2 diabetes — a common comorbid combination.
- D. Atrial fibrillation requires rate control (beta-blockers, CCBs) or rhythm control ± anticoagulation — not losartan primarily. Losartan is an antihypertensive/ARB.
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