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Pharmacology · single question

A patient with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) without regurgitation requires dental treatment. Does this patient need antibiotic prophylaxis?

  1. Yes — MVP requires prophylaxis due to valve abnormality
  2. No — MVP without regurgitation does NOT require prophylaxis
  3. Only if the patient has had prior bacteremia
  4. Yes — all cardiac conditions require prophylaxis
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. No — MVP without regurgitation does NOT require prophylaxis

  • A. MVP with mitral regurgitation previously required prophylaxis, but current guidelines have changed.
  • B. Correct. Per the 2007 AHA guidelines revision, mitral valve prolapse WITHOUT regurgitation is NOT an indication for antibiotic prophylaxis. Only MVP with regurgitation was previously indicated — and even that has been removed from the 2007 high-risk list. Currently only the highest-risk conditions (prosthetic valves, prior endocarditis, unrepaired cyanotic CHD, transplant with valvulopathy) require prophylaxis.
  • C. Prior bacteremia alone is not an indication — only specific high-risk cardiac conditions qualify.
  • D. Not all cardiac conditions require prophylaxis — the AHA guidelines specifically list only HIGH-risk conditions.

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