A patient returns after 2 years with 1 new interproximal caries lesion. What is their CAMBRA classification?

Correct answer: C. High risk

• A. Moderate risk CAMBRA would apply to patients with only enamel/white spot lesions but no cavitated lesions, or specific risk factors without active disease.
• B. Low risk CAMBRA classification would apply to patients with NO new caries, no enamel lesions, and no risk factors. One new cavitated lesion moves the patient out of low risk.
• C. Per CAMBRA (Caries Management by Risk Assessment), a patient with 1 or more CAVITATED CARIES lesions within the assessment period is classified as HIGH RISK. The 2-year interval with 1 new interproximal cavitation confirms active caries disease. High-risk patients require intensive preventive interventions (fluoride varnish, chlorhexidine, xylitol, diet counseling) and more frequent recall.
• D. Extreme risk (sometimes called 'catastrophic risk') is reserved for patients with rampant caries, xerostomia, and multiple severe risk factors — 1 lesion in 2 years is HIGH risk, not extreme.