Endodontics · single question

A patient fractures a tooth during a traumatic accident. The fracture involves the enamel and dentin but does NOT expose the pulp. Using the G-Black (Ellis) classification for traumatic tooth fractures, this is classified as:

  1. Class III (pulp exposure)
  2. Class II (enamel and dentin, no pulp exposure)
  3. Class IV (involving the root)
  4. Class I (enamel only)
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Class II (enamel and dentin, no pulp exposure)

  • A. Incorrect. Class III involves pulp exposure and requires pulp treatment (direct pulp cap, pulpotomy, or pulpectomy depending on the stage of development).
  • B. CORRECT. A fracture involving both enamel AND dentin but WITHOUT pulp exposure is Class II (Ellis Class II / G-Black Class II). This requires prompt treatment — a dentin bonding agent and composite resin restoration — to seal exposed dentinal tubules and prevent pulp irritation and sensitivity.
  • C. Incorrect. Class IV in some classification systems involves root fractures or avulsion — not an uncomplicated crown fracture.
  • D. Incorrect. Class I involves only enamel — minor chips without dentin involvement.

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