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Pathology · single question

A child presents with bilateral painless jaw expansion and upward-turning eyes ('cherubic' appearance). Large multilocular radiolucencies are seen bilaterally. What is the diagnosis?

  1. Aneurysmal bone cyst
  2. Cherubism
  3. Central giant cell granuloma
  4. Fibrous dysplasia
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Cherubism

Cherubism is an autosomal dominant (SH3BP2 gene) fibro-osseous condition presenting in early childhood with bilateral jaw expansion and upward eye displacement. Self-limiting; often improves after puberty.
  • A. Aneurysmal bone cyst is a solitary expanding blood-filled lesion — not bilateral.
  • B. CORRECT. Cherubism = bilateral jaw expansion + upward-turning eyes in a child. Autosomal dominant, SH3BP2 mutation.
  • C. Central giant cell granuloma is typically solitary, unilateral, anterior mandible in young women — not bilateral.
  • D. Fibrous dysplasia is usually unilateral with ground-glass appearance — not multilocular bilateral.

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