Medical Emergencies · single question

A 7-year-old patient with a history of surgically repaired Tetralogy of Fallot requires routine dental treatment including extractions. What is the most appropriate first action?

  1. Consult with the pediatric cardiologist before proceeding
  2. Consult with only the pediatric dentist
  3. Proceed with treatment after consulting the general dentist
  4. Administer antibiotic prophylaxis and proceed immediately
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Correct answer: A. Consult with the pediatric cardiologist before proceeding

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a complex congenital heart defect. While surgical repair often corrects the hemodynamic abnormalities, patients may retain residual defects such as ventricular septal defects, pulmonary insufficiency, arrhythmias, or right ventricular dysfunction — all of which may have implications for dental management. The American Heart Association guidelines require cardiologist consultation to determine: (1) whether antibiotic prophylaxis for infective endocarditis is indicated (it IS indicated for repaired CHD with residual defects or within 6 months of repair), and (2) whether the patient's cardiac status allows for planned procedures. Proceeding without cardiologist clearance for invasive dental procedures in a complex CHD patient is inappropriate.

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