Restorative & Materials · single question
A 15-year-old drinks fluoridated water and uses fluoride toothpaste but has dental phobia and multiple missing teeth. A new non-cavitated enamel lesion is found. What is this patient's overall CAMBRA caries risk assessment category?
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Correct answer: D. Extreme
CAMBRA (Caries Management by Risk Assessment) categorizes patients by risk factors. This patient has multiple high-risk factors: dental PHOBIA (reduces preventive care utilization), MISSING TEETH (indicates history of caries-related extractions), and a NEW CAVITATED or non-cavitated LESION (active disease indicator). Dental phobia is classified as an 'extreme' risk factor in CAMBRA. The combination of active disease plus phobia plus missing teeth due to prior caries elevates this patient to EXTREME risk.
- A. INCORRECT. High risk applies to patients with significant risk factors OR active disease. This patient would be at least high risk, but the presence of dental phobia elevates to extreme.
- B. INCORRECT. Low risk requires absence of risk factors and no active disease. This patient has active disease and multiple significant risk factors.
- C. INCORRECT. Medium risk would apply to patients with minor risk factors and no active lesions. This patient has active disease.
- D. CORRECT. EXTREME risk in CAMBRA is indicated by factors like dental phobia (leads to avoidance of care), active carious lesions, history of multiple extractions due to caries, and inability to access regular dental care. This patient meets criteria for EXTREME risk.
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